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Some general knowledge about glass

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2021-06-30

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Industry News

Regarding glass, ordinary glass is generally used for residential window panes. The main raw materials of ordinary glass are soda ash, limestone and quartz sand, which are substances obtained by melting together sodium silicate, calcium silicate and silicon dioxide. When people produce ordinary glass, the raw materials are crushed, mixed in appropriate proportions and then put into the glass kiln for intensive heating. When the raw materials are melted, more complex physico-chemical changes take place. Glass does not have a certain melting point, but softens gradually within a certain temperature range. When softened, glass can be made into any shape. Commonly used glass bottles and glasses are made from ordinary glass.

By adding different substances to the glass production process and adjusting its chemical composition, glass with different properties and uses can be produced. For example, the addition of boron oxide in the production of ordinary glass can improve the chemical stability of the glass and reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion, thus making it more resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion, and it can be used to make advanced chemical reaction containers . In addition, optical glass made by adding lead oxide has a high refractive index and can be used to make spectacle lenses and lenses in cameras, telescopes and microscopes. In addition, coloured glass can be made if certain metal oxides are added to the glass production process. When cobalt oxide is added, the glass will appear blue; when cuprous oxide is added, the glass will appear red. Generally, the ordinary glass we see is light green because the raw materials are mixed with divalent iron.

In addition, glass can be processed through various processes. For example, ordinary glass is turned into tempered glass by heating it in a tempering furnace, and when it is close to the softening temperature, it is quickly removed from the furnace and then blown with cold air to make tempered glass. The mechanical strength of tempered glass is 4-6 times that of ordinary glass, and it is resistant to shock and cracking. When tempered glass is broken, the broken pieces do not have sharp edges and are not easy to hurt people.

Toughened glass is used as window glass to soften the light that passes through in the hot sun. Tinted glass is also used to make sunglass lenses. Tarnished glass is a type of glass that contains silver bromide (or silver chloride) and traces of copper oxide. When tarnished glass is exposed to sunlight or ultraviolet light, the silver bromide in it breaks down to produce silver atoms. Silver atoms attract visible light. When the silver atoms gather to a certain number, most of the visible light shining on the glass will be absorbed. At this point, the colourless and transparent glass will turn grey-black. When the discoloured glass is placed in a dark place, silver atoms and bromine atoms will combine to form silver bromide under the catalytic effect of copper oxide. Since silver ions do not absorb visible light, the glass becomes colourless and transparent again. This is the basic principle of discolouring glass.

What is high white material glass? Is it leaded glass?

None

What is high white material glass? Is it leaded glass?

None

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